超声和均质对芸豆凝集素粗提物的影响

采用两种工艺对四种芸豆中的凝集素进行提取,优化得到最佳的提取工艺;在此基础上研究了超声处理(包括料液比、超声功率、超声时间三个因素)和均质处理(包括均质压力、均质次数两个因素)对芸豆凝集素粗提物的得率及血凝活性的影响。结果表明:中山产红芸豆经过先匀浆再浸提工艺所得凝集素粗品得率最高,血凝活性最强;超声在一定范围内可以提高凝集素粗品得率和血凝活性,两者在料液比1:15、超声功率325W、超声时间20min时有最大值;均质作用对芸豆凝集素粗品得率影响不大,在大于40MPa均质压力下循环作用两次血凝活性降低。

Effect of ultrasonic probe and homogenization on crude phytohemagglutinin(PHA) from kidney bean

Crude phytohemagglutinin(PHA) from four kinds of kidney bean was extracted by different processes.Besides,the effects of three factors(the ratio of solid to liquid,ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power) of ultrasonic processing and two factors(the pressure and circle time) of homogenization on crude PHA were studied as well.It was found the crude PHA extracted from red kidney bean produced at Zhongshan had the strongest hemagglutination activities and the highest yield among four kinds of kidney bean.Ultrasonic treatment could improve the yield and the hemagglutination activities of crude PHA in a certain range,which reaching the maximum at the ratio of solid to liquid 1:15,the ultrasonic power 325W and the ultrasonic time 20min.Homogenization followed by extraction had little effect on crude PHA yield,while the hemagglutination activities decreased after the second circle when the pressure was higher than 40MPa.