不同栽培类型、不同开放程度菊花中总黄酮和绿原酸含量研究

探讨菊花有效成分总黄酮和绿原酸含量与其栽培类型、花朵开放程度的关系,并对菊花内在质量进行评价。以总黄酮、绿原酸含量为检测指标,结合统计分析方法,对苏北中药材种植基地小黄菊、湖白菊、红心白菊和长瓣白菊4种栽培类型不同开放程度下(花蕾期、40%开、70%开和全展)菊花进行比较分析。4种栽培类型及4种花朵开放程度的菊花总黄酮含量分布在40～90mg.g-1之间;绿原酸的含量,除花蕾期和40%花朵开放期的湖白菊花中较低(接近2mg.g-1)外,其余3种栽培类型在4种开放程度下以及湖白菊在70%开放程度和全展花时的绿原酸含量均达到《中国药典》2005年版一部中规定的含量标准(≥2mg.g-1)。经综合评价分析,苏北菊花种植基地可推荐长瓣白菊和红心白菊为主种栽培类型,湖白菊和小黄菊作为备选栽培类型;长瓣白菊和红心白菊可选择40%花朵开放程度时采摘,湖白菊和小黄菊则可选择70%开放程度时开始采摘。

Comparative study on contents of total flavonoid,chlorogenic acid of different cultivars and flowers blossoming degree from Chrysanthemum morifolium

The contents of total flavonoid and chlorogenic acid relationship with different cultivars and flowers blossoming degree were studied,and the internal quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium were assessed.Chemical constituents of 4 cultivars and 4 different flowers blossoming degree were compared by analysis of variance in two types of index:total flavonoid and chlorogenic acid.The contents of total flavonoid in 4 cultivars and 4 flowers blossoming degree were between 40mg·g-1 and 90mg·g-1.The contents of chlorogenic acid in 4 cultivars and 4 flowers blossoming degree went beyond the standard except the bud and flowers in 40% blossoming degree of "Hubaiju".From all the aspects,in the planting base of Northern Jiangsu province,the flowers in 40% blossoming degree of "Hongxinbaiju" and "Changbanbaiju" can be extended as major cultivars with good characters of superior quality,and the flowers in 70% blossoming degree of "Hubaiju" and "Xiaohuangju" also can be extended as secondary cultivars.