预制桥墩体系抗震性能研究进展:新材料、新理念、新应用

预制桥墩体系具有快速施工优势，在非震区、低烈度区中已得到较广泛应用，但因对其抗震性能缺乏充分认识，导致预制桥墩体系在中高烈度区的应用受到限制。该文根据抗震性能的不同，将预制桥墩体系分为“等同现浇”和“非等同现浇”两类，其中“等同现浇”预制桥墩又按照连接形式的不同分为套筒灌浆连接、波纹管灌浆连接、预留槽孔的灌浆连接、承插式连接、现浇湿接缝连接；“非等同现浇”预制桥墩按照有无专门耗能装置可分为两类；系统梳理了每种类型预制桥墩抗震性能的研究现状及典型工程应用。该文重点报道了超高性能混凝土、纤维增强复合材料和形状记忆合金3种高性能材料用于提高预制桥墩抗震性能的研究现状，指出了3种高性能材料用于预制桥墩体系中的合理方式。该文总结出将韧性抗震理念融入预制桥墩体系的两种方法:外置可更换耗能装置和内置机械连接的耗能钢筋，并对采用这两种方法的预制桥墩抗震性能研究现状进行了介绍。基于对预制桥墩体系抗震性能研究成果的整理，作者介绍了预制桥墩体系在更高抗震需求、更高刚度需求、更高使用寿命需求、更高环境保护需求4类桥梁中的应用前景，并指出了这些新应用可能带来的新课题。

REVIEW ON ASEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF PRECAST PIERS: NEW MATERIAL,NEW CONCEPT,AND NEW APPLICATION

With accelerated bridge construction, the precast pier system has been widely applied in non and low seismic zone, but limited in moderate and high seismic zone by lack of knowledge about its aseismic performance. This paper classifies precast pier systems into two types: emulative precast piers and nonemulative precast piers, based on their aseismic performance. On one hand, the emulative precast pier is further categorized into grouted sleeve connection, grouted steel corrugated duct connection, pocket connection, socket connection,and cast-in-place wet joint connection by the type of connection. On the other hand, the nonemulative precast pier is further categorized into two types based on whether special energy dissipation device is used or not. The research about aseismic performance and typical engineering application are systematically reviewed for each of these categories. Three high performance materials, including Ultra high-performance concrete, fiber reinforced polymer and shape memory alloy, are reported for the research status of their application in the precast pier system to improve their aseismic performance. The proper way is pointed out to apply the three high performance materials in the precast pier system. Two methods are summarized to apply the new concept of earthquake resilience in the precast pier system, which are an external replaceable energy dissipation device and an internal energy dissipation bar with mechanical connection. The research review is conduct for the aseismic performance of precast piers using the two-connection ways. Based on the summarization of the aseismic performance of a precast pier system, the precast pier system is proposed to apply in the four types of bridges, including higher aseismic requirement, larger stiffness requirement, longer service life requirement, and stricter environmental protection requirement. The new issues caused by the new application fields are pointed out.