高速铁路路堤-路堑过渡段复杂风场和列车气动效应风洞试验研究

中国地形地貌复杂多变，线路交替必不可少，为了探究高速铁路路堤-路堑过渡区域的列车气动效应和复杂风场，该文建立了大比例试验模型，采用风洞试验的方法对线路上方不同位置处的风速剖面和线路不同位置处的车辆气动力进行了测试。试验结果表明：路堤-路堑过渡段对气流的影响范围在轨道上方250 mm以内；线路交界处上方较低区域的风剖面由路堑主导，较高区域受路堤主导；风速变化对列车沿线移动的气动力变化趋势影响不大；在过渡区域，线路交界处附近对行车安全最不利，且路堤侧更为不利；受雷诺数效应的影响，气动力系数整体上随风速的增大而减小。

WIND TUNNEL TEST STUDY ON COMPLEX WIND FIELD AND VEHICLE AERODYNAMIC EFFECTS IN EMBANKMENT-CUTTING TRANSITION ZONE IN HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY

The topography and geomorphology are complex and changeable in China,and the railway transition zones are indispensable.In order to investigate the vehicle aerodynamic effects and complex wind field in embankment-cutting transition zone,a large-scale model was established to measure the wind speed profiles above the track and the train aerodynamic forces at different locations along the track by using wind tunnel test.The test results show that the influence height of embankment-cutting transition zone on air flow is less than 250mm above the track.The wind velocity profile at the lower height of the railway junction is dominated by the cutting while the higher height is dominated by the embankment.Wind speed has little influence on the changing trend of train aerodynamic forces along the track.In the transition zone,the most unfavorable area for traffic safety exists near the junction of the railway,especially at the sides of embankment.The aerodynamic coefficients decrease while the wind speed increases due to the Reynolds number effect.