微胶囊化聚磷酸铵的制备及其性能

以聚乙二醇(PEG)改性聚氨酯(PUR)为囊材对聚磷酸铵(APP)进行包覆,制备了"三源一体"的膨胀型阻燃剂(MAPP)。通过用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对微胶囊的核壳结构进行表征,采用溶解度测试、水接触角测试研究了季戊四醇(PER)和PEG的配比对微胶囊包覆效果的影响。结果表明,与未包覆的APP相比,MAPP上出现了PUR的特征峰;SEM明显观察到MAPP表面变得粗糙,蜂窝状结构出现;EDS结果显示APP和MAPP具有不同的表面元素含量;XRD峰强度明显减弱,表明改性PUR成功包覆在APP粒子表面;水溶解度和接触角的变化可知,MAPP的水溶解度和表面极性均有所下降,当PER/PEG的物质的量之比为1/1时,包覆效果最佳,此时的溶解度为0.400 g/100 m L H2O,水接触角为86.1°。

Preparation and Properties of Microencapsulated Ammonium Polyphosphate

Polyurethane (PUR) was modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the capsule material and used to make microcapsules coated processing of ammonium polyphosphate(APP), preparing trinity-intumescent flame retardant (MAPP). Core-shell structures of microencapsulated APP were investigated with the method of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM),X-ray energy dispersive spectra (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microcapsule coated effects of the proportion for PEG and pentaerythritol (PER) were researched via contact angle measurement and solubility measurement. The results show that the characteristic peak of PUR was obviously observed in the infrared spectrograph of microencapsulated APP compared with those based on neat APP. The rough surface and the honeycomb structure of MAPP were obviously observed by SEM. The result of EDS shows that APP and MAPP have different surface element content and the intensity of XRD peaks decrease sharply,which demonstrate that APP is coated by modified PUR. Additionally,water-solubility and surface polarity of MAPP decrease with the changes of contact angle and water-solubility. The microcapsules coated effect is optimum when the proportion of PER/PEG is 1/1,whose solubility and contact angle are 0.400 g/100 mL H2O and 86.1°,respectively.