汽车复合材料层合板准静态力学性能的试验测定

以应用于某新能源电动汽车的复合材料层合板为研究对象,利用万能试验机和静态应变测试分析系统等提出了可靠的复合材料层合板准静态拉伸和压缩力学性能试验测定方法,从而为复合材料结构在汽车轻量化中的设计和应用提供了试验依据。该层合板结构采用±45°交叉铺层方法,由2层碳纤维、1层芳纶纤维和2层玻璃纤维层叠构成。试验结果表明,该复合材料层合板在准静态拉伸时呈现沿±45°方向和层间分离挤压的断裂失效模式,这与其内部纤维铺层方向是一致的。同时,由于在复合材料板材中加入了增韧和板材失效时起连接作用的芳纶纤维和玻璃纤维铺层,该复合材料层合板的整体力学性能较常见碳纤维增强复合材料板材,其弹性模量和强度性能均有所降低。

Experimental Determination on Quasi-static Mechanical Property of Composite Laminate Used for Vehicle

Aimed at composite laminates applied in a new energy electric vehicle,a reliable tensile and compression testing method on composite laminates was presented by using universal testing machine and static strain analysis system,thus providing experimental data for the lightweight design and application of composite structures in automotive industry. The laminates consists of±45° plies with two layers of carbon fiber,one layer of aramid fiber and two layers of glass fiber. The testing results show that the laminates perform a failure mode of±45° crack and delamination,which could be attributed to its fibre direction inside. Meanwhile, as certain portion of aramid and glass fiber are used in the composites for toughness enhancement purpose,the laminate’s overall Young’s modulus and strength are relatively lower than the data of carbon fiber reinforced composites observed in published references.