一种基于点击化学的高性能亲水抗菌聚氨酯合成与表征

以聚己内酯1000（PCL1000）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、2，2-双（溴甲基）-1，3-丙二醇、叠氮化钠（NaN₃）等为原料合成了侧链带有叠氮基团的可点击聚氨酯预聚体，以1，1，3，3-四甲基胍（TMG）、3-溴丙炔合成了抗菌单体2-炔丙基-1，1，3，3-四甲基胍（TMG-Al），随后以点击反应为连接策略制备了环保水性接触型抗菌聚氨酯。采用红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振波谱（NMR）表征了小分子单体的化学结构；通过抑菌圈实验验证了涂膜的接触型抗菌效果及非渗透特性，为接触型抗菌领域的研究提供了一种新的合成方法。抗菌结果显示，当水性聚氨酯中引入质量分数为5%的TMG-Al时，抗菌聚氨酯即可对革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌）及革兰氏阳性菌（金黄色葡萄球菌）产生显著的杀灭效果，抗菌率达99.9%。

Synthesis and characterization of a high-performance anti-bacterial waterborne polyurethane via click chemistry

The polycaprolactone (PCL), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 2,2-double bromine(meth)-1,3-propanediol, sodium azide (NaN₃) were used as raw materials to synthesize polyurethane pre-polymers with azide groups; the 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl guanidine (TMG), 3-bromine propiolic were employed to synthesized the five-replaced guanidine alkyne (TMG-Al), then an environmental contact-killing antibacterial activity waterborne polyurethane was prepared using click chemistry as connection strategy. The chemical structure of small molecular monomers was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum(NMR); according to bacteriostatic ring experiment, the contact-killing and non-penetration activity was verified and an new synthesis method was developed for the field of contact-killing antibacterial research. The result of antimicrobial polyurethane showed that the effect of killing gram negative bacterial (E.coli) and gram positive bacterial (S.aureus)was significant and the antibacterial rate was 99.9% when imported TMG-Al by mass fraction 5%.