游客在博览建筑空间中的行为互动设计策略

互动式博览建筑是凭借虚拟现实技术、多媒体技术、信息技术等数字技术,利用独特方式互动沟通的特殊建筑类型.为研究博览建筑以"游客行为"为中心的互动性,首先需要明晰几种可以提高互动效果手段的优缺点,以此来确定采用视觉测量法实地追踪人群行为动态的优势,然后在实验室中利用混合设计设备整理分析3类游客(学生群体、以家庭为单位的群体、邻近区域居住的老年群体)的行为特征,并以游客的行走路径及停留分析作为互动研究的基础数据.最后结合成型的互动设计实例,总结出4种互动设计策略:发掘人们的必然行为、感官互动可视化、单元模块变形强调联系、借助数字技术虚实共建.结果表明:博览建筑中的行为互动使游客与所处空间及展品之间形成了平等的对话关系.在厘清博览建筑中的布展方式、流线组织及展厅空间与互动之间关系的基础上,调动游客的互动行为,使人们在探索和新奇中加深对展品信息记忆的同时,进一步指导博览建筑互动设计研究.

Interactive behavior design strategy of visitors in museum buildings

Aiming at interactivity based on visitors'' behaviors in museum buildings and depending on digital technique such as virtual reality technology, multimedia technology and informational technology, interactive museum building uses unique information exchangeable method to communicate. At first, this paper clarifies merit and demerit of methods, which can improve interactive effect to determine the superiority of video method which can track visitors'' dynamic behavior on-the-spot investigation. Then taking walking path, position, duration as basic data of interactive study, this paper analyzes the behavior characteristics of three types of visitors (student groups, family-based collectives, the old in communities). Finally, this paper tries to conclude four strategies of interactive design: exploring the inevitable behaviors of visitors; visualizing sensory interaction; emphasizing connection between unit module deformation; making joint efforts to build virtual and physical environment by virtue of digital technique. Result shows that the relationship among visitors'' behaviors, exhibitions and displayed space forms a dialogue on the basis of equality. On the basis of clarifying the interactive relationship among exhibition layout, streamline organization and exhibition space, and adding digital technique, interactive behaviors would strengthen the consciousness visiting, and allow visitors deepen memory of exhibition information through exploration and novelty, and could guide museum building design.