基于微吸收器的CO2吸收过程研究进展

微化工技术在流体流动、过程强化、传质与反应过程等领域备受关注，本文归纳整理了3种不同类型的微吸收器（微降膜吸收器、微通道吸收器和微网格吸收器）捕集CO₂过程中的水力学性质和传质过程及其机理研究进展，并对3种微吸收器吸收CO₂过程中存在的问题进行分析总结，同时对微吸收器能快速工业化提出展望。其中重点介绍了微通道泰勒流吸收器的水力学流动特性，包括泰勒流气泡的生成机制、气泡和液弹的长度、气泡的输运和运动速度、气泡截面形状及液膜厚度和气液两相流压降；归纳了微通道泰勒流吸收过程的传质过程机理和传质系数的模型以及不同影响因素（通道截面尺寸，通道长度，主通道结构及入口形状，气、液相组成及其流速，吸收剂和系统压力）作用下CO₂吸收效率和传质系数的研究进展。

Progress of CO2 absorption process in micro-absorbers

Micro chemical technology has received extensive attention in many fields,such as fluid flow,process intensification,mass transfer and bio/chemical reaction processes. In this paper,hydrodynamic characteristics and mass transfer performance for three types of micro-absorbers i.e.,falling film micro-absorber,mini/microchannels and microstructured mesh absorber were systematically reviewed and summarized. In particular,the hydrodynamic characteristics of Taylor flow absorber were summarized in detail,including the bubble formation mechanism,the length of bubbles and liquid slug,bubble transport properties and bubble velocity,the cross-sectional shape of bubble and the thickness of liquid film,and pressure drop for gas-liquid two-phase flow. Mass transfer process mechanism for Taylor flow absorption process was also presented,mainly focusing on the prediction model of mass transfer coefficient. Furthermore,the effects of various factors,such as the channel geometric parameters,main channel and inlet port structures,gas and liquid composition,flow rate,absorbents and operating pressure on the CO₂ absorption efficiency and mass transfer coefficient were also elaborated in this work.