夹具定位方案的数学建模及其优化设计

针对计算机辅助夹具设计的设计质量仍取决于设计者或专家的经验与知识水平、难以得到最优设计结果这一现状，建立了基于工件位置偏移与定位源误差之间关系的定位方案运动学模型，提出了定位方案的优化设计准则，从而改变了传统夹具设计中定位方案的经验性设计模式。通过实例说明了定位方案的稳健优化过程。研究结果表明，基于运动学模型的定位方案优化方法可以提高定位质量。在汽车、航空航天等制造领域中，定位方案的优化方法具有理论与应用价值。

Modeling and Optimal Design of Fixture Locating Scheme

CAFD is crucial to develop FMS and CIMS.However,design qualities of fixtures still depend on designer's experience and knowledge,and optimum fixture design results are difficult to obtain.So a kinetic locating scheme model was formulated on the basis of the relationship between the workpiece position errors and the localization source errors.Furthermore,a criterion for the robust optimal design was proposed.By the robust optimal design,the locating quality of the fixture could be increased.Finally,by means of practical examples,a detailed discussion was made to the optimal design of the locating scheme.A comparative study was also carried out between the optimal solution and the empirical one.It turns out that stable machining precisions of workpieces can be effectively achieved by the robust design method.In automobile and aeronautical manufacturing fields,the optimal approach of fixture locating scheme has more theoretical and applied values.