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Prevention and Mitigation Strategies to Address Recent Brittle Fractures in Steel Bridges
Authors:Robert J Connor  Eric J Kaufmann  John W Fisher  William J Wright
Affiliation:1Assistant Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47907. E-mail: rconnor@purdue.edu
2Senior Research Engineer, ATLSS Engineering Research Center, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015. E-mail: ek02@lehigh.edu
3Professor Emeritus, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015. E-mail: jwf2@lehigh.edu
4Research Engineer, FHWA Turner Fairbanks Research Center, 6300 Georgetown Pike, McLean, VA 22101. E-mail: bill.wright@fhwa.dot.gov
Abstract:Brittle fracture results in unplanned loss of service, very costly repairs, concern regarding the future safety of the structure, and potential loss of life. These types of failures are most critical when there is no evidence of fatigue cracking leading up to the fracture and the fracture origin is concealed from view. Hence, the failure occurs without warning and the details are, essentially, noninspectable. In these cases, it appears desirable to take a proactive approach and introduce preventative retrofits to reduce the potential for future crack development. These efforts will help ensure that the likelihood of unexpected fractures is minimized. This paper examines the behavior of two bridge structures in which brittle fractures have developed in recent times, discusses the causes of the failures, and offers suggested design strategies for prevention and retrofit mitigation techniques. In situations where considerable uncertainty exists in the prediction of accumulated damage or in the ability to reliably inspect critical details, preemptive retrofit strategies appear to be highly desirable.
Keywords:Fracture  Fatigue  Bridge failure  Forensic engineering  
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