环保增塑剂马来海松酸三正辛酯的合成及表征

以马来海松酸和正辛醇为原料,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,正辛烷为带水剂,合成了环保增塑剂马来海松酸三正辛酯。考察了醇酸摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间、带水剂用量和反应温度对酯化反应的影响,经单因素实验得到的最佳工艺条件为:n(马来海松酸)∶n(正辛醇)=1∶4.5,催化剂用量为马来海松酸质量的3.6%,带水剂用量为马来海松酸质量的17.5%,反应温度180～200℃,N2保护下反应8.3 h,产物为浅黄色透明油状液体,产率92.3%,经HPLC测定酯色谱纯度为99.24%,1HNMR及FTIR对产物进行了结构表征,元素分析确定了产物分子式为C48H82O6,GPC测得其重均相对分子质量为755。测定了其酸值、加热减量、开口闪点、体积电阻、黏度、热重曲线等,结果表明,马来海松酸三正辛酯符合增塑剂的性能要求。

Synthesis and Characterization of the Environment-friendly Plasticizer Tri-n-octyl Maleopimarate

The environment-friendly plasticizer tri-n-octyl maleopimarate(n-TOMP) was synthesized by reaction of maleopimaric acid(MPA) with n-octanol using p-toluenesulfonic acid(PTSA) as catalyst and n-octane as water entrainer.The optimal reaction conditions are as follows:n(MPA)∶n(n-octanol)=1∶4.5,PTSA(3.6% of mass of MPA),water entrainer(17.5% of mass of MPA),reaction time(8.3 h) and the reaction temperature(180～200 ℃) under nitrogen.The yield is 92.3% and the content of tri-n-octyl maleopimarate ranges up to 99.24% by means of HPLC test.The structure of tri-n-octyl maleopimarate was confirmed by FTIR and 1HNMR.The acid value,heat weight loss,open-cup flashing point,volume electric resistivity,viscosity and TG-DSC curve of product were respectively measured.In conclusion,tri-n-octyl maleopimarate can satisfy the requirements of plasticizer.