Conjugated linoleic acid concentration as affected by lactic cultures and added linoleic acid |
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| Affiliation: | 1. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8568, Japan;2. The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, 1955-1, Kurematsu, Nishi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431–1202, Japan;3. Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2–6 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan;4. Center for Materials Under eXtreme Environment, Purdue University, 500 Central Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States;5. National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509–5292, Japan;6. TOYOTA Motor Corporation, 1200 Mishuku, Susono, Shizuoka 410–1193, Japan;7. Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739–8527, Japan;1. Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;2. Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;3. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;4. Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;5. Department of Michigan Metabolomics Resource Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;6. Department of Biochemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;7. Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;1. Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China;2. Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China;3. Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China |
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| Abstract: | Six lactic cultures: Lactobacillus acidophilus (CCRC14079), L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (CCRC14009), L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis (CCRC14078), Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (CCRC12586), Lc. lactis subsp. lactis (CCRC10791), and Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophlius (CCRC12257) were tested for the effects of addition of 1000 and 5000 μg/ml linoleic acid, and incubation time from 0 to 48 h. The levels of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) formation were determined by gas chromatography. A sharp increase in CLA level was observed in linoleic acid added cultures. Incubation of L. acidophilus in 1000 μg/ml linoleic acid added-skim milk medium for 24 h was most effective in promoting CLA formation. Increasing linoleic acid addition from 1000 to 5000 μg/ml and prolonging incubation from 24 to 48 h did not appear to enhance CLA formation. |
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