客家建筑元素半月池的形式及其意涵

该文探讨闽、粤、台客家建筑中半月池的形式及其隐含的意义。分布于闽、粤、台等地的客家族群聚落中均有一个不可或缺的元素:半月池。传统客家宗祠通常在最前方配置半月池,其后依次为禾庭、学堂、宗祠,后方则为化胎及围屋,形成一个完整的空间结构。通常人们只知道这是客家先民传承下来的建筑形式与元素,并不了解其真正功能与意义。本研究以文献考据与田野调查相结合,探讨客家建筑元素中半月池的形式及其内涵。宗祠前设置的学堂,是供塾师教授家族子弟读书识字。而在学堂前方配置的禾庭与半月池,则是仿效各郡县于泮宫前设置的泮池。但后世已将其内化为空间结构的一部分,而丧失其原有设置意义。

A Study on the Form and Meaning of Half-moon Pools in Hakka Architecture

In this study, we explore the form and meaning of half pool which locates in Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan Hakka architecture. Distributed in Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan Hakka settlements, half pool is an essential element of traditional Hakka temples. Half pool, rice court. schools, and enclosed rear tire was based, to form a complete space structure. Most people only know that it is inherited from ancestors of the Hakka architectural forms and elements, does not know its true function and significance. In this study, literature survey and field work methods, will be used. Half-moon pool, setted up in front of Hakka temples, is like a Half Pool which setted up in front of official school in ancient time. Which is the lost original meaning of settings.