老化牛皮革的回软剂制备及其回软研究

探讨对皮革文物进行回软保护。以光老化牛皮革作为皮革文物替代样,通过对卵磷脂、羊毛脂和蓖麻油分别改性后复配成回软剂;并对老化皮革进行回软处理,通过物理性能测试、色差测试、SEM、热重分析及红外分析等手段对回软后皮革的结构与性能作初步研究。结果表明：经回软处理后,回软剂渗透进入皮革内部结构,填充于胶原纤维之间,老化皮革的柔软度、拉伸应力以及断裂伸长率有了改善。但是SDBS在回软过程中容易残留,羊毛脂对皮革热稳定性有一定影响。经综合分析,主要成分为磷酸化蓖麻油的回软剂对样品的柔软度提高效果最佳,回软后老化皮革恢复了一定的光泽,而形貌及结构等几乎没有发生改变或破坏,符合文物保护＂最小干预原则＂。

Preparation of Softening Agent of Aged Cow Leather and Research on Softening

In order to soften and protect historical relics of leather,this research took light aged cow leather as the substitution of historical relics of leather and modified lecithin,lanolin and castor oil.After softening agent was prepared and performance test was carried out,softening treatment was conducted for aged leather.Preliminary study on the structure and property of the softened leather was implemented through physical performance test,chromatic aberration test,SEM,thermogravimetric analysis and infrared analysis.The results show that after softening treatment,the softening agent permeates into internal structure of the leather and is filled among collagenous fiber.The softness,stretching stress and elongation at break of the aged leather improve.But SDBS is easy to remain in the softening process.Lanolin has certain effects on heat stability of leather.Through comprehensive analysis,the softening agent with the main ingredient of castor oil has the best effects on improving softness of the sample.After softening,the aged leather restores certain gloss,while the shape and structure almost remain unchanged or are not damaged.This complies with＂minimum intervention principle＂of preservation of historical relics.