去噪强度、去噪效率与振幅保真

本文从去噪强度和去噪效率的角度对信噪比与保真度问题进行了探讨。去噪强度即应用滤波因子在对应的数据窗内去除噪声的总能量，而去噪效率则是对应于去噪强度的信噪比的变化率。去噪强度越大，去噪效率越低，保真性越差。在相同去噪强度的情况下，获得较高去噪效率的方法就是保真性好的方法。准确估计信号，有效衰减强噪声是降低去噪强度，提高去噪效率的核心。叠后估计信号比较准确，叠前去噪优势较强，叠前，叠后联合去噪更能达到提高地震资料信噪比和保真度的目的；对不同能量的噪声，选择不同的去噪强度并使之达到最佳，可以达到保真的目的。

Intensity and efficiency of noise attenuation and amplitude fidelity.

The problem of signal-to-noise ratio and amplitude fidelity is discussed from the view of intensity and efficiency of noise attenuation in this paper.The intensity of noise attenuation is the total noise-eliminated energy in the corresponding data window when filter factor is used and the efficiency of noise attenuation is the changing rate of signal-to-noise ratio corresponding the intensity after noise attenuation.The larger intensity of noise attenuation is,the poorer efficiency is,and the worse amlitude fidelity becomes.Under the circumstances of having the same intensity,the method achieving better efficiency of noise attenuation is the method of better amplitude fidelity.Correct estimation of signal and effective elimination of strong noise are the kernel of reducing intensity and improving efficiency of noise attenuation.Hybrid pre-and-post stack noise attenuation could attain the goal of improving the signal-to-noise ratio and amplitude fidelity of seismic data,for the signal estimated from post-stack data is more accurate and there are more advantages to elimination noise in pre-stack.Choosing different noise attenuation intensity according to different noise energy and making it to the best could achieve the aim of fidelity.