双轨制下中长期交易电量放开规模测算方法

随着中长期交易电量规模持续扩大,交易结果不断挤压系统可调度空间,威胁着系统安全运行,且大量交易结果可能由于电网运行约束被削减,容易引发市场成员对市场公平性的质疑.因此,探究中国计划电量与市场电量"双轨制"下的中长期交易电量放开规模,既有助于明确电力市场的演变态势,又有利于实现电网运行安全和经济效率的统筹优化.文中提出了中长期交易电量放开规模测算方法,该方法兼顾市场化电量出清优化与电网运行安全,构建一个考虑市场经济效益和电网运行约束的双层优化模型.上层为以社会福利最大为目标的市场化电量优化出清模型,下层为考虑输电线路传输容量、系统供热需求、机组检修安排、电厂最小开机方式等电网运行约束的市场化电量校核模型.针对该双层优化模型,提出上下层迭代算法进行求解,并将市场化电量执行约束松弛化处理,以保证模型的可解性.中国某省级电网的实际算例分析验证了所提模型与算法的有效性和实用性.

Calculation Method for Medium- and Long-term Transaction Electricity After Lifting Scale Restriction with Coexistence of Planning and Market

With the continuous increase of medium- and long-term transaction electricity, the transaction results keep squeezing the scheduling space of the power system, threatening the safe operation of the system. Due to the operation constraints of power grids, a large number of transaction results are reduced, which tends to cause market members to question the market fairness. Therefore, exploring the scale restriction lifting of the medium- and long-term transaction electricity in the background of coexistence of planning and market will not only help to clarify the evolution trend of power markets, but also help to realize the overall optimization of operation safety and economic efficiency. In this paper, a method for calculating the scale restriction lifting of the medium- and long-term transaction electricity is proposed. This method takes into account both the market-oriented electricity clearing optimization and the power grid operation safety, as well as constructs a two-level optimization model considering market economic benefits and power grid operation constraints. The upper level is the market-oriented electricity optimization clearing model aiming at the maximum social welfare, and the lower level is the market-oriented electricity checking model considering the transmission capacity of transmission lines, heat demand of the system, unit maintenance arrangement, the minimum startup mode of power plants and other grid operation constraints. For the two-level optimization model, the upper and lower iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the problem, and the constraints of market-oriented electricity are relaxed to ensure the solvability of the model. Through the analysis of an example of a provincial power grid of China, the validity and practicability of the proposed model and algorithm are verified.