煤巷强帮强角支护技术模型试验研究与应用

为研究煤巷支护技术,以汾西矿区煤巷为原型进行相似模型试验。通过配比试验确定煤岩层的相似材料,设计模拟锚杆和锚索的结构形式,阐述了实现过程。建立3组模型,分别模拟煤巷在常规支护、强帮支护、强帮强角支护下的效果,对试验结果数据进行对比分析,验证煤巷强帮强角支护技术的有效性,并成功应用于工程实践。研究结果表明:(1)强帮强角支护技术能提高顶底板的竖向应力,降低帮部应力集中区的竖向应力,改善围岩应力状态,形成顶板、帮部和底板的良性作用。(2)强帮强角支护技术能减小围岩的绝对位移和相对位移。煤巷帮部相对位移大于顶板相对位移,表明帮部比顶板整体性差,易发生局部失稳。(3)强帮强角支护技术能控制裂纹的产生与扩展,防止帮部和顶板发生破坏,提高安全性。(4)新峪矿工程应用及监测表明,强帮强角支护技术具有良好的适用性。

RESEARCH ON SIDEWALL AND CORNER STRENGTHENED SUPPORT FOR COAL ROADWAY BY MODELING EXPERIMENTS

To study the coal roadway support，the coal roadway in Fenxi mining area was used as the prototype for similar model experiments. The similar materials of coal rock layer were determined by the matching experiment. The simulated structure forms of anchor bolts and anchor cables were designed and the implementation process was expounded. Three groups of models were established to simulate the coal roadway under the conventional support，the support with the sidewall strengthened and the support with both the sidewall and corner strengthened. The experimental data were analyzed，which verified the effectiveness of sidewall and corner strengthened support which was successfully applied in engineering practice. The results of the study showed that the sidewall and corner strengthened support increased the vertical stress in the roof and floor，reduced the vertical stress in the stress concentration zone in sidewall，improved the stress state of surrounding rock，thus formed the benign effect between roof，floor and sidewall. The technology reduced the absolute and relative displacements of surrounding rock. The relative displacement in the sidewall was larger than that in the roof of coal roadway，indicating that the integrity of sidewall was worse than the roof and tend to be locally unstable. The technology controlled the generation and propagation of the cracks，prevented the failure of the sidewall and roof and thus improved the safety. The engineering application and monitored results in Xinyu mine showed that the technology had good adaptability.