深部岩体断层滞后突水多场信息监测预警研究

断层滞后突水由于其特有的隐蔽性及滞后性特征,突水灾害防治难度较大。针对王楼煤矿断层滞后突水防治工程,开展深部岩体多场信息监测预警研究。深入分析地下水来源及导水通道,在此基础上划分采动过程中断层滞后突水不同阶段,结合隔水关键层理论及物探结果,确定监测预警时间域与空间域,划分温度场、渗压场监测阈值,建立监测预警判识准则;串联传感器组合成监测单元,采用返浆工艺对钻孔分段封堵,实现传感器精确高效安装,通过煤矿安全光纤监测系统实现井上在线监测预警。监测预警结果表明,断层隔水煤柱有效控制断层内裂隙扩展,减弱了断层破碎带导水特性,依据深部岩体监测预警判识准则,工作面开采过程中预警等级为I级,可实现安全开采。研究成果对类似工程具有一定的借鉴意义。

MULTI-FIELD INFORMATION MONITORING AND WARNING OF DELAYED WATER BURSTING IN DEEP ROCK FAULT

Prevention and curing of delayed water bursting in rock fault are extremely difficult. Multiple field information monitoring and warning on delayed water bursting in deep rock fault in Wanglou coal mine were carried out. The source and conducting channel of ground water were analyzed. The delayed water bursting in fault during the mining process was divided into different stages. The temporal and spatial ranges of monitoring and warning were determined and the monitoring thresholds of temperature field and seepage pressure field were divided according to the theory of key water resisting layer and geophysical prospecting results，so that the identification criteria for monitoring and warning were established. Accurate and effective assembling of sensors was fulfilled by connecting them in series into monitoring units and plugging the drilling holes into sections using the returning slurry technique. Furthermore，the online monitoring on surface was fulfilled by taking advantage of the optical fibre monitoring system. Results showed that the extension of fissures in fault was effectively controlled by the water resisting coal wedge，which reduced the transmissibility of fractured fault zone.