| Abstract: | A three‐dimensional steady‐state model to predict the flow and heat transfer in a rotary lime kiln is presented. All important phenomena are considered for the pre‐heat and calcination zones including turbulent gas flow, buoyancy, all modes of heat transfer, evolution and combustion of species and granular bed motion with calcination reaction. The model is based on a global solution of three sub‐models for the hot flow, the bed and the rotating wall/refractories. Information exchange between the models results in a fully coupled 3‐D solution of a rotating lime kiln. The overall model is validated using UBC's pilot kiln trials (5.5 m laboratory kiln). Results for this case are presented and potential implications are discussed. |
