眼球系统中关键屈光元件的光学模型研究

角膜和晶状体是人眼光学系统中两个关键的屈光元件,为了理解眼内各介质和整个眼球的屈光状态以及视网膜上的成像,有利于眼科临床方面的应用,需要分别对二者进行光学特性模型的分析与研究。根据角膜和晶状体的光学特性,应用光学设计软件Zemax和有关的数学工具,从光学成像角度,分别对角膜和晶状体模型进行研究:基于结合人眼光学模型的角膜双二次曲面模型的建立方法,统计分析了我国人眼实测角膜参数的数据;通过对晶状体折射率分布特点的分析,分别在轴向和径向上进行了综合分析。最后给出了符合我国人眼特点的角膜面型的统计数值,完善了我国人眼角膜光学模型的建立;获得了形式简单且能够表示晶状体折射率分布一般特征的梯度渐变模型表达式。基于收集的我国人眼实测数据的角膜面型模型和晶状体梯度渐变形式的折射率模型,为解决人眼光学系统研究中的关键问题提供了新的方案和思路。

Optical Models of the Key Refractive Elements in Human Eye Optical System

The cornea and crystalline lens are two key refractive elements of human eye optical system. In order to understand and research the optical performances of eye in refractive surgical procedures, optical models of cornea and crystalline lens are researched. Based on the corneal and lens optical performances, from the point of view of optical imaging, the analysis and study of optical models are presented with the optical design software Zemax and math tools. Based on the corneal bi-conic model, which is constructed by the basis of human eye model, the data of measured Chinese corneal parameters are statistically analyzed. Based on the crystalline lens gradient-index (GRIN) distribution, the lens refractive index distributions in axial and radial direction are analyzed. The statistical results of the measured Chinese corneal data are given, so the corneal model based on Chinese eyes is completed. A new single equation, which can be used to express the character of the lens refractive index distribution and a compact form, is achieved. The corneal surface model based on the data of measured Chinese corneal parameters and the lens GRIN distribution models can be applied to solve the key technology in the research of human eye optical system.