我国防洪减灾方针进展及其理论探讨

基于人与社会、与自然的关系，探讨了两千年来中国传统治水思想主流和非主流演变轨迹。探讨了20世纪以来，尤其是最近20年来世界各国灾害与减灾观念发生转变的社会与自然背景，指出人类社会发展适应洪水规律是防灾减灾重要的出发点。由此阐述了灾害双重属性的概念，认为在进一步提高工程防洪能力的同时，人们应当积极寻求适应自然规律的发展模式，建立社会化的防洪减灾保障体系。

Policy-making for flood control and drought relief in China: progress and theory discussion

The paper traces back the evolution of main-stream thoughts on water harness in China over the past two thousands years, based on examination on relationship between man, society and nature. Discussions are made on social and natural background for the changes of disaster occurrences and thoughts of disaster reduction since twentieth century especially the recent twenty years, then it is pointed out that social development adapting to the order of natural disasters for its prevention and reduction is essential. The development pattern that suits to the nature law should be exploited at the time of enhancement of flood control capacity. Socialized flood control and disaster reduction system should be established based on further understanding of dual attribute of nature disasters.