"九八洪涝灾害"的深层次原因分析

１９９８年６－９月长江流域发生特大洪灾，其主要原因，除气候反常，降雨集中等自然因素外，存在水土流失，植被减少，围湖造田，河道淤积，水利工程失修，老化，法制观念谈薄，水利投入不足，承灾功能脆弱，人口急剧增长，协调失误等深层次的问题。针对上述问题，提出了加强领导，提高防洪意识，加强农田基建，搞好科研，建立信息系统，加大教育力度，增加投入，实行依法减灾，加强洪灾前期工作的建设管理，控制人口等对策。

ANALYSIS ON INTERNAL REASONS OF FLOOD DISASTER IN 1998

A catastrophic flood occurred along Changjiang River valley from June to September in 1998, characterized by the violent peak and fierce water, the large rise per hour, and making decisive victory of fighting a flood and providing disaster relief by making concerted efforts of a million of the army and the people. The major reasons lies in soil erosion, vegetation-decreasing, reclaiming lake from a lake, river course deposit, irrigation, the fragile function of enduring disaster, the sharp population growth, coordination faults, besides natural factors such as the abnormal weather, rainfall concentration. In this article, these questions are analyzed systematically to consult for decision departments in fighting a flood and providing disaster relief, and to seek advice for function departments.