Analysis of mixed grade transition in continuous thin slab casting with EMBR

A concentration change during grade transition operation in thin slab casting is investigated through computer simulation and the results are compared with experimental measurements. Fluid flow and mixing patterns in various tundish levels and flow rates were analyzed by a three-dimensional mathematical model. Based on the contained results, a simple, efficient and accurate computational model is suggested to predict the concentration profile at the outlet of the tundish. Based on the model, mixing in and below the mold was analyzed considering electromagnetic braking force. The predicted concentration profiles show good agreements with the measured values. It is found that the lower vortices in the mold are suppressed by the electromagnetic field and a plug-like flow region develops, which decreases the intermixing of two different grades of steel and shortens the length of transition region.