用膜回收炼厂瓦斯气中氢气存在的问题及解决方法

针对采用中空纤维膜回收炼油厂富氢瓦斯气中的氢气，出现膜分离器前精密过滤器压降大，膜分离器前过滤器、法兰处出现黄色、黑色粉末固体颗粒，过滤器爆裂、膜分离性能下降、膜分离失效等严重影响膜使用寿命的问题。通过对炼油厂富氢气中的组分分析，探讨粉未形成机理，找出问题的主要原因是个别富氢气源H2S含量过高，不同气源中所含杂质不同，混合后可产生化学反应。提出在未实施水洗方案或不同类型富氢气分别回收氢前，加强脱硫装置操作，防止H2S含量高对膜的影响。将不同类型的富氢气分别处理，或通过水洗净化气体，可使膜分离器运行正常。

PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES OF HYDROGEN RECOVERY FROM REFINING FUEL GAS BY MEMBRANE SEPARATION

When using hollow-fiber membrane separator to recovery hydrogen from hydrogen rich fuel gas of refinery, some problems occurred, such as the pressure drop of fine filter prior to separator increased, yellow or black solid particles were found at the flange of the filter, crack of the filter and the separation efficiency of the membrane was decreased. By analyzing the compositions of hydrogen rich fuel gases and investigation on the formation of solid particles, it was found that high H2S content in certain fuel gas was one of the main causes, and impurities in various fuel gases were varied, chemical reactions might occur during mixing. Thus, in order to protect the membrane in good condition, measures for removing H2S from the treating gas or separate treatment for various treating gases should be considered. With the adoption of these measures, the hydrogen content in product and the hydrogen recovery rate well met the requirements.