渭河关中段生态基流保障对灌区的影响及补偿研究

针对枯水期河道生态基流保障造成的农业灌溉用水短缺问题,研究其对灌区的影响及生态补偿量,以推动基流保障工作的持续开展和日益完善。定性分析灌溉用水短缺可能产生的影响,明确不同方案引起的灌区灌溉缺水量,并应用水分生产函数模型估算造成的农作物减产损失,进而确定对灌区的生态补偿量。以渭河关中段为例,对3种基流保障方案造成的灌区灌溉用水短缺问题进行分析计算。结果表明:3种基流保障方案对宝鸡峡塬上、塬下灌区及交口抽渭灌区冬小麦的生态总补偿量分别为2800.30×10~4元、32392.58×10~4元、98817.98×10~4元。

Study on the effect and compensation of the ecological base flow protection to irrigation district in Shaanxi Section of Weihe River

According to the agricultural irrigation water shortage in dry season caused by the ecological base flow security, it is necessary to study its effect on irrigation district and ecological compensation so as to promote the sustainable development of base flow protection and improvement. First, the possible impact of irrigation water shortage should be qualitatively analyzed. Next, the amount of irrigation water in irrigation district caused by different base flow security proposals should be clearly determined. And then the crop production losses caused by irrigation water shortage should be estimated by the water production function model, and also the amount of ecological compensation for irrigation areas should be determined. Taking Shaanxi section of Weihe River as an example, the water shortage caused by three base flow security programs was analyzed and calculated in the irrigation area. The results showed that the ecological compensation amounts of winter wheat in Baoji gorge Yuanshang irrigation area, Yuanxia irrigation area and Jiaokou irrigation area were 28.003 million yuan, 323.926 million yuan and 988.180 million yuan under three ecological base flow security schemes respectively.