黄河上游梯级水库群调水调沙潜力初步研究

利用水库群开展水沙调控是解决黄河上游泥沙淤积的有效措施之一。以1956~2010年长系列来水、来沙资料为准,分析了黄河上游沙漠宽谷河段的水沙规律和调控时机,以龙羊峡、刘家峡水库(龙刘)为调控手段,在以水定电模式下建立黄河上游梯级水库群联合调度模型。在3种情景下求解模型可知:(1)黄河上游调水调沙14、30 d的最大需水量分别是32×10~8和67×10~8m~3;(2)定量给出了梯级水库群的调水调沙潜力,调水调沙14 d的周期为2年1次,调水调沙30 d的周期为3年1次;研究成果对黄河上游沙漠宽谷河段河道水沙调控以及梯级水库群科学调度具有重要的指导意义和应用价值。

Research on potential of water and sediment regulation of cascade reservoir group in upper reaches of Yellow river

The regulation of water and sediment by use of cascade reservoir group is one of the most effective ways to solve the serious situation of sediment deposition in the upper reaches of Yellow River. Based on the long series data of water and sediment from 1956 to 2010, this paper analyzed the law of water and sediment,and regulation time in the desert starch reaches.Longyangxia and Liujiaxia cascade reservoirs are chosen as the regulation mean.Under the mode of water resources determining power generation, this paper established the joint operation model of cascade reservoirs in the upper reaches of Yellow River.Then three scenarios are set and the results showed that (1) the maximum water demand for 14 and 30 days of water and sediment regulation in the desert starch reaches are 3.2 billion m³and 6.7 billion m³ respectively; (2) the paper gave the potential of water and sediment regulation by cascade reservoir group in quantity, the cycles of one water and sediment regulation for 14 is two years and that for 30 days is three years. The research has important guiding significance and application value for the regulation of water and sediment and the optimization operation of cascade reservoir group in the desert starch section of upper reaches of Yellow river.