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Determination of the kinetics of chlorobenzene nitration using a homogeneously continuous microflow |
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| Authors: | Yongjin Cui Jing Song Chencan Du Jian Deng Guangsheng Luo |
| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Contribution: Formal analysis (equal), Validation (equal);3. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting), Formal analysis (supporting) |
| Abstract: | The nitration of chlorobenzene with concentrated mixed acids is a fast and highly exothermic process, which suffers from considerable mass transfer resistance and poor heat transfer rates. The reaction kinetics has not been thoroughly reported before. In this work, a continuous-flow microreactor system and a homogeneous reaction condition were proposed to obtain accurate chlorobenzene nitration kinetics parameters at high mixed acid concentrations. A general model for predicting the observed reaction rate constants was established. With a new method for estimating the equilibria associated with HNO3 in aqueous sulfuric acid, the rate constants based on nitronium ion and activation energies were obtained. Compared with batch reactors, the continuous-flow microreactor system allows for a sufficient heat transfer efficiency and accurate residence time control, making it possible to study the reaction performance more quickly and sensitively. This work may provide a reliable reference for the kinetic study of similar processes. |
| Keywords: | homogeneous microflow kinetics microreactor nitration of chlorobenzene |