多场景海上风电场关键设备技术经济性分析

中国海上风电正在走向深远海。离岸距离和水深的增大对海上风电场关键设备的技术选择和成本造价影响很大，海上风电场单位千瓦投资也相应变化。对海上风电场基础结构、海缆等关键设备费用在不同离岸距离和水深条件下的变化进行分析，探讨登陆送出、场内集电、基础结构等技术发展对投资的影响。远海风电场通过采用柔性直流和高电压场内集电技术，关键设备的单位千瓦投资可以低于目前在建的近海风电场。对于未来将采用8 MW风电机组的深远海风电场，采用先进的基础结构和输电技术，关键设备投资成本将比现有技术下降2 200元/kW，大幅降低深远海风电场开发投资。

Techno-economic Analysis of Key Equipment for Offshore Wind Farms with Multiple Scenarios

Offshore wind farms in China are moving into deep and open sea. The offshore distance and water depth have significant impact on the technology selection and cost of key equipment for offshore wind farms, subsequently influencing the unit power cost of wind farm investment. This paper analyzes the key equipment for offshore wind farms such as foundation structure and submarine cables in terms of the cost variation with different offshore distance and water depth, discusses the influence of technologies such as foundation structure, high voltage power collection and power transmission on project cost. It is concluded that by adopting flexible DC and high voltage power collection technologies, the unit power cost of key equipment for wind farms in open sea may be lower than that for the offshore wind farms under construction. For the wind farms in deep and open sea with 8 MW wind turbines, the unit power cost of key equipment will decrease by 2 200RMB/kW if advanced technologies for foundation structure and transmission system are adopted, remarkably lowering the project cost of wind farms in deep and open sea.