混合盐模板法制备超级电容器用氮掺杂分级多孔碳纳米片

分级多孔碳在电化学储能方面展现了巨大的潜力。模板与活化法相耦合是制备分级多孔碳最有效的方法之一。然而，该方法使用强酸和强碱，对环境造成污染。因此，开发一种无酸无碱制备分级多孔碳的方法迫在眉睫。以氯化钠和碳酸钠混合盐为模板，煤沥青为碳前体，碳酸钾为活化剂，合成了氮掺杂分级多孔碳纳米片（NHCNs）。模板与活化剂可以通过水洗除去，无需使用强酸和强碱，该工作为合成分级多孔碳纳米片提供了一种无酸无碱的技术。合成的NHCNs具有大的比表面积（1597 m²·g^-1）、丰富的微/中孔、适量的氧和氮杂原子。这些独特结构赋予NHCNs电极优异的超级电容性能。在KOH电解液中，NHCNs电极显示了高的比电容和好的循环稳定性。

Synthesis of nitrogen doped hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets for supercapacitor by mixed salt template

Hierarchically porous carbons have shown great potential in the fields of electrochemical energy storage. The template strategy coupled with activation technique is considered as one of the most effective ways to produce hierarchically porous carbon. However, this method uses strong acids and strong bases, causing pollution to the environment. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an acid-free and base-free technique to prepare hierarchically porous carbons. Herein, nitrogen doped hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets (NHCNs) are synthesized from cal tar pitch by using the mixture salt of NaCl and Na₂CO₃ as template coupled with K₂CO₃ activation. The templates and activators can be removed by water washing without the use of strong acids and bases, and this work provides an acid-free and base-free technique for synthesizing hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets. The as-made NHCNs possess high specific surface area (1597 m²·g^-1), abundant micro-/mesopores together with a moderate content of O, N heteroatom. These unique structures give NHCNs electrodes excellent supercapacitor performance. In the KOH electrolyte, NHCNs electrodes show high specific capacitance and good cycle stability.