广州市养老设施空间布局研究

近年来我国的老龄化程度日益加深，政府和社会开始广泛关注养老设施的配置优化问题。以广州市养老机构数据为根源，利用大数据可视化平台研究全市范围内养老机构的空间分布与地理位置选择特征，并结合老龄人口的空间结构特点对全市各行政区的养老设施资源分布进行比较分析。结果表明，广州市内中心城区集中着大量养老设施，城市郊区松散分布着少量养老设施，而养老床位多聚集在中心老城区且不均衡分配，床位覆盖聚集点与空白点较为明显。老城区老龄化程度较深，养老设施规模小，人均养老床位资源较少。基于定量研究结果，讨论现状的问题与改善策略，为养老设施规划及相关政策制定提供依据，有序协调广州市养老资源配置，促进社会公平与进步。

Study on the Spatial Distribution of Pension Facilities in Guangzhou

In recent years, China's aging population has grown considerably. Therefore, greater attention from the government and communities has been paid to the optimization of pension-facility allocation. Using a big-data visualization platform on data from aged-care facilities in Guangzhou, the current study examined the spatial distribution and geographical location of these facilities across the entire city. Additionally, a comparative analysis of the distribution of resources across aged-care facilities in all administrative regions of the city was performed by combining the spatial-structure characteristics of the elderly population. Results showed that a large number of aged-care facilities are concentrated in the central urban area of Guangzhou, leaving a small number of these facilities scattered in the city's suburbs. Moreover, it was found aged-care beds are distributed unevenly in the central old urban area and are more obvious across the aggregation and blank points (beyond the coverage of aged-care facilities). The city's older urban area was found to have a higher elderly population, fewer or smaller-scale pension facilities and less resources per capita for pension beds. Moreover, existing problems and improvement strategies were discussed based on the results of the quantitative analysis performed. This study provides a foundation for planning around pension facilities and related policies, coordinating the allocation of pension resources in Guangzhou in an orderly manner, and promoting social equity and progress.