我国焊接药剂化学分析标准体系现状与发展

熔炼焊剂、烧结焊剂、粘结焊剂、焊条药皮、药芯焊丝药粉等焊接药剂在钢铁、镍基合金熔焊中有重要作用,广泛应用于船舶、核电、能源、冶金、化工、机械等工程领域。基于焊接药剂中硫、磷、氟等检验需求,从标准归口来源(国家标准、行业标准、地方标准、团体标准、企业标准、学会推荐方法)与测试技术(取样和制样、湿法分析、固体光谱分析、燃烧法、热解法、含水量试验)及标准物质的视角,系统综述了焊接药剂化学分析标准体系,尤其是化学分析标准方法的应用现状。最后,提出了未来发展方向建议,以期完善焊剂药剂化学分析标准体系,改善在适用对象、测定项目及范围、检测效率等方面的滞后性现状。

Status and development of standard system for chemical analysis of welding flux in China

Welding flux, such as fused flux, agglomerated flux, bonded flux, electrode coating and flux-cored powder, play an important role in the fusion welding of steels and nickel-based alloys. They have been widely used in the engineering fields, including shipbuilding, nuclear power, energy, metallurgy, chemical industry, and machinery industry. A systematic review of status and development of standard system for chemical analysis of welding flux in China, especially the application status of standard methods for chemical analysis, was summarized based on the inspection requirements of sulfur, phosphorus and fluorine in the welding flux, from the perspective of standard sources (national standards, industry standards, local standards, group standards, enterprise standards, society recommended methods), testing technology (preparation and sampling, wet analysis, solid spectral analysis, combustion method, pyrolysis method, moisture test) and reference materials. At last, some suggestions for the future development were proposed to improve the standardization system for chemical analysis of welding flux, and change the hysteresis in applicable targets, testing item and scope as well as testing efficiency.