“双碳”目标下风氢联合系统参与现货市场的优化运行与效益分析

“双碳”目标下,电力现货市场成为消纳新能源的重要平台。由于新能源出力具有波动性和不确定性,高比例新能源进入电力市场后将带来新的挑战。电转氢(power to hydrogen,P2H)作为绿色低碳的灵活性调节资源,能够为新能源大比例入网提供新的途径。首先在新能源场站报价报量参与电力市场与常规机组同台竞价的基础上,构建了包含日前和实时两级的上层电能量现货市场竞价交易优化模型。其次对含有P2H的风电场出力进行优化,构建了下层风氢联合系统实时优化模型。最后以改进的IEEE 30节点系统为例分析了“双碳”目标下高比例风电参与现货市场带来的电价波动风险,研究了风氢联合系统参与现货市场的经济性。结果表明风电场配备一定规模的P2H设备能够有效减少风电不确定性给现货市场带来的电价波动风险,提高风电利用率,实现氢的廉价制取,在经济上具有一定可行性。

Optimal Operation and Benefit Analysis of Wind-Hydrogen Combined System in Spot Market with the Double Carbon Goal

Under the "double carbon" goal, the electricity spot market has become an important platform for renewable energy consumption. Due to the volatility and uncertainty of new energy, high proportion of new energy will bring new challenges after entering the power market. Power to hydrogen (P2H), as a green and low-carbon flexible regulatory resource, can provide a new way for large proportion of new energy into the grid. Firstly, this paper constructs an optimization model of bidding transaction in the spot market of upper electricity energy including day-ahead and real-time levels on the basis of the participation of quotations from new energy stations in the bidding of electricity market and conventional units. Furthermore, the real-time optimization model of the lower-layer wind-hydrogen combined system is further constructed to optimize the output of the wind farm containing P2H. Finally, the improved IEEE 30-node system is taken as an example to analyze the risk of price fluctuation caused by high proportion of wind power participating in the spot market under the dual carbon target, and the economy of wind-hydrogen combined system participating in the spot market is studied. The results show that the wind farm equipped with a certain scale of P2H can effectively reduce the risk of electricity price fluctuation caused by wind power uncertainty in the spot market, improve the utilization rate of wind power, and realize the cheap production of hydrogen, which is economically feasible.