离子液体在纳米ZnO材料制备中的研究进展

离子液体（ILs）具有蒸气压低、液程宽、热稳定性好、结构和性质可调节等特点， 作为反应溶剂、模板剂或结构导向剂等在纳米材料制备领域得到了广泛的应用。纳米ZnO在传感器、太阳能电池、光催化和发光二极管等领域具有广泛的应用。总结了近年来ILs在纳米ZnO材料制备中的研究进展， 重点归纳和比较了常规非质子型ILs、质子型ILs、碱性ILs和聚ILs在制备纳米ZnO中的应用，及其调控纳米ZnO形貌、尺寸和性能的作用特点， 并为今后ILs应用于金属纳米材料的制备提出了建议。

Research progress of ionic liquids in preparation of ZnO nanomaterials

Ionic liquids (ILs) are a new type of green solvent, which have been widely used in the field of nanomaterial preparation as a solvent, template or structure directing agent due to their unique properties, such as low vapor pressure, wide liquid temperature range, non-flammability, chemical stability and tunable structure and properties. Nano-ZnO materials have a wide range of applications in the field of sensors, solar cells and photocatalysis. The research progress of ILs in the preparation of nano-ZnO materials in recent years is summarized. The applications of traditional aprotic ILs, protic ILs, basic ILs and poly(ionic liquid)s in the synthesis of nano-ZnO materials are compared and analyzed, as well as their roles in regulating the morphology, particle size and properties of nano-ZnO. And put forward suggestions for the future application of ILs in the preparation of metal nanomaterials.