低品位红土镍矿综合利用现状及进展

不锈钢领域在镍消费结构中占主导地位,随着硫化镍矿资源的枯竭和镍铁合金需求量的增加,红土镍矿作为现阶段主要镍基生产原料,火法处理工艺已逐渐成为其主流工艺。但随着进口到国内的红土镍矿资源品位走低,原料特性更加复杂化,如何绿色高效地利用这些低品位资源进行镍铁合金制备,已逐渐成为实现中国不锈钢产业可持续发展的瓶颈。根据国内外研究现状并结合本课题组相关的研究工作,综述了现阶段红土镍矿火法处理工艺的研究进展和存在的不足,通过系统地开发出低品位红土镍矿火法处理工艺关键协同技术,以期解决不锈钢生产所需镍基原料的短缺局面和实现不锈钢工业绿色健康发展。

Comprehensive utilization status and progress of low-grade laterite nickel ore

The stainless steel field occupies a dominant position in the nickel consumption structure. With the depletion of nickel sulphide ore and the increase of demand for nickel ferrite alloy, laterite nickel ore, as the main raw materials for Ni based alloy production, is usually managed by pyrometallurgical process. However, with the decline of nickel laterite grade and the complication of raw materials characteristics, how to prepare the nickel ferrite alloy by green and efficient utilization of low grade ore gradually becomes the bottleneck for the sustainable development of stainless steel industry in China. According to the research status at home and abroad, and combining with the related work investigated by our group, research development of pyrometallurgical process for laterite nickel ore and its existent insufficiency were explained. Key collaborative techniques of pyrometallurgical process for low grade nickel laterite were also developed systematically, which were used to solve the shortage of Ni based raw materials for stainless steel production and realize the green and efficient development of stainless steel industry.