不同形貌金属氧化物的制备及其在工业催化反应中的应用

金属氧化物作为一类重要工业催化剂，广泛应用于合成氨工业、能源化工、精细化工等重要的工业生产过程。金属氧化物的形貌对其性能有重要的影响，具有特定形貌的金属氧化物催化剂因其结构上的优势，使其在许多方面表现出不同于常规块体材料的独特性能，成为当前材料科学领域的研究热点。本文总结了不同形貌的金属氧化物的制备方法、生长机制及其结构特性，聚焦于金属氧化物在氧化反应、加氢反应以及蒸汽重整反应中的最新研究进展。最后，进一步讨论了金属氧化物催化剂未来的发展趋势以及面临的挑战，并提出了解决这些问题的有效方案。

Preparation and application of metal oxides with various morphology for industrial catalysis

Metal oxides catalysts have been widely used in a large variety of industrial processes, including ammonia synthesis, energy conversion and fine chemical synthesize. The morphology of metal oxides has an important effect on the catalytic performance. Compared to bulk materials, metal oxides catalysts with specific morphology exhibit unique structure properties in many aspects, which has become a research hotspot in the field of materials science. In this review, we highlight the preparation method, formation mechanism and structural property of metal oxides with various morphology, and their recent progresses in oxidation, steam reforming and hydrogenation are also reviewed. In the final section, future opportunities and challenges in the preparation of metal oxides catalysts are discussed, and some strategies to resolve these critical problems are further proposed.