辐射条件下冷冻靶靶丸表面及充气管温度特性数值研究

在惯性约束核聚变冰层均化实验阶段，观测到充气管内冰晶无法保持，从而不能堵管，靶丸直接与高温氘气源连接，无法继续实验。为解决难以堵管的问题，本文建立了三维冷冻靶系统计算模型，研究了辐射条件下屏蔽罩温度、封口膜透射率及铝套筒表面发射率等因素对冷冻靶靶丸表面及充气管沿程温度特性的影响规律。结果表明：改变封口膜透射率能有效降低靶丸与充气管连接处的温度，在本文讨论的边界条件下，封口膜透射率大于0.025时靶丸与充气管连接处温度相对较低，晶核可维持，充气管能被堵管；而改变屏蔽罩温度及铝套筒表面发射率等做法对靶丸与充气管连接处的温度降低作用不明显，充气管无法被堵管。

Numerical Investigation on Temperature Characteristic of Capsule Surface and Filling Tube of Cryogenic Target under Radiation Condition

During the ice-laying period, a phenomenon is observed that the ice crystal could not be maintained in the filling tube, which results in the direct connection between the capsule and the deuterium source at high temperature. In this paper, a 3D cryogenic target model was established to study the influence of several factors on the temperature along capsule surface and filling tube. The results show that changing the transmittance of the sealing film can effectively solve the problem of being unable to block the filling tube, while changing the shield temperature and the surface emissivity of the aluminum enclosure has no obvious effect on that problem. It is found that the crystal can be maintained in the filling tube under the boundary conditions discussed in this paper with the transmittance of the sealing film greater than 0.025.