大中型体育场馆定位与交通可达性关联性研究——以广佛地区为例

交通区位与交通基础设施条件是影响大型体育场馆是否成功建设运营的重要因素。在交通网络多样化复杂化的发展背景下,更精准认知把握交通设计条件是进行场馆规划选址、新场馆建设策划旧场馆改造等活动的重要基础。基于已有可达性理论基础上,探讨大中型体育场馆定位与交通可达性之间的关联性。并尝试构建大型体育场馆交通可达性量化分析模型,实现对大中型场馆交通可达性的定量认知。最后以广佛地区为例选取拟建三水区体育场及周边多个场馆,应用该量化方法,并将分析结果作为参考依据之一用于拟建三水体育场规模与功能定位的决策工作。

The Correlation between Traffic Accessibility and Positioning of Ten Major Large-Medium-sized Gymnasiums: A Case Study on the Guang-Fo Area

With the continuous improvements in transportation facilities, the reach of sports stadiums is also expanding. Transportation location and transportation infrastructure conditions have become important factors affecting the successful construction and operation of large- and medium-sized sports stadiums. Given the trends towards increasingly complex transportation networks, it is difficult to accurately advise the positioning and site selection for stadiums based on empirical traffic analysis. Therefore, the current research focuses on the correlation between the positioning of medium and large stadiums and the accessibility of their locations. Based on this, a quantitative analysis was conducted on the traffic accessibility of large- and medium-sized stadiums to establish a quantitative estimate of accessibility and facilitate comparison between different stadium sites and positions.　　First, through data collection methods such as venue operation expert interviews, venue activity surveys, and audience questionnaires, this study investigated the relationships among the quantity and quality of the activities introduced by venues, the willingness of spectators to participate in activities, and the degree of dependence of events on various transportation methods and traffic accessibility. Meanwhile, by screening existing methods for evaluating traffic accessibility, evaluation methods for venue traffic accessibility were established with respect to different modes of transport, including air, long-distance railroad, local rail, external highways and inner-city roads. The accessibility evaluation of air and long-distance railroad transportation modes, which depend on large hubs, combined the potential model method and the opportunity accumulation method and incorporated the number of transportation hubs and service capacity factors into the evaluation system. The local rail transportation evaluation adopted the topology method for accessibility evaluation due to its network characteristics. The road traffic mode adopted the isochronous distance method and obtained relatively accurate data sources by employing open-access map-based large datasets, which allowed the evaluation results to reflect the true accessibility situation as accurately as possible. Therefore, by taking the Guang-Fo area as an example, this study selected the proposed Sanshui District Stadium and multiple surrounding venues and adopted this quantitative method to evaluate the traffic accessibility of these venues. The advantages and disadvantages of the stadium sites were compared and analyzed, and the feasibility of the method was tested.　　The correlation between traffic accessibility and venue positioning is mainly reflected in the following aspects: I. The traffic location of the venue has a major impact on the number and speed of event ticket sales, thus affecting the number and quality of events introduced to the venue. II. Low traffic accessibility has a weakening effect on the audience willingness to participate in the event, and hence will likely adversely impact event attendance and ticket revenue. III. Events rely on different types of transportation modes to different degrees. The accessibility calculation model was applied to evaluate different locations, and the accessibility of different locations can reflect a certain degree of differentiation. These analysis results were used as a reference for the decision making regarding the scale and functional positioning of the proposed Sanshui Stadium.