三目视觉测头在自由曲面测量中的应用

自由曲面的逆向工程是先进制造技术中的一个关键技术．开发了一种线结构光三目视觉测头，这种包括3个CCD摄像机在内的测量系统具有许多优点，避免了双目视觉中存在的匹配现象．它不但具有高效率、高精度和高可靠性的特点，而且适用于复杂自由曲面的在线测量．针对工作原理以及相关问题，对其进行了详细的讨论，其中包括系统优化、摄像机标定、采样策略、特征提取、图像匹配和数据重构．实验证明三目视觉测头在精度和可靠性方面都优于双目测头．首次研制测头的精度达到了0．02mm．

A Trinocular Vision Probe for Sculptured Surface Measurements

Reverse engineering of free-form surfaces is one of the most challenging technologies in advanced manufactu- ring. The vision system with CCD cameras possesses many advantages. To avoid possible mismatch in binocular systems a line structured light trinocular vision probe for sculptured surface measurements is developed. It distinguishes itself by high efficiency, high accuracy and reliability, as well as applicability for on-line measurement of complicated sculptured surfaces. The working principle and problems related to system optimization, camera calibration, sampling strategy, feature extraction, image matching and data reconstruction are discussed in detail in the paper. Experiments show that the trinocular probe enhances both accuracy and reliability of measurement in comparison with binocular one. An accuracy of 0.02 mm was achieved in the first prototype developed.