基于图像处理技术的刀具热变形测量研究

针对机床预热时刀具变形问题，设计基于图像处理的刀具热变形测量方案，以获得刀具轴向热误差随预热时间的变化关系。采用高速相机采集刀具热变形图像，利用MATLAB软件，通过Canny算法对图像进行边缘提取粗定位。采用亚像素拟合边缘检测方法对刀具边缘轮廓进行精确定位，即运用最小二乘法拟合出刀尖圆弧曲线，从而计算出刀具预热过程中的热变形量，为后续机床热误差补偿奠定基础。

Research on Tool Thermal Deformation Measurement Based on Image Processing Technology

Aiming at the problem of tool deformation during machine preheating, a tool thermal deformation measurement scheme based on image processing was designed to obtain the relationship of tool axial thermal error with the preheating time. High speed camera was used to collect tool deformation images, and Canny algorithm was used to extract rough positioning of the edges of the images by using MATLAB software. Subpixel fitting edge detection method was used to precisely locate the tool edge contour, that was, the least square method was used to fit the tool tip curve, and then the tool thermal deformation was calculated, which laied foundation for the subsequent thermal error compensation of machine tools.