液压反馈自封高效节能柱塞泵的研究与应用

针对目前采用的柱塞泵摩阻大、漏失大、寿命短等问题，提出了一种新型液压反馈高效节能自封柱塞泵（HSP）。该泵的柱塞芯由中部开有若干个径向槽孔的金属管制成，柱塞上装有一个弹性伸缩套，套在中心筛管柱塞芯上，在弹性伸缩套外面套有若干个耐磨的密封环。上行程时柱塞内部的流体压力作用到胶套内表面上使之向外膨胀，使密封环始终压在泵筒内壁上，形成良好的密封；下行程时弹性伸缩套恢复原状，柱塞和泵筒之间产生间隙。通过有限元力学分析，证明该泵克服了常规柱塞泵摩阻大、效率低、寿命短等不足。室内试验表明该泵实现了下行“无”摩阻，上行自封“无”漏失，专用耐磨环实现了长寿命的目的。现场试验表明，在供液条件充足的情况下，该泵泵效达到60%~80%，可高效节能连续工作2 年以上。

Research and application of hydraulic feedback and self-sealing efficient plunger pump

In view of the problem of high friction, high leakage and short life existing in conventional plunger pumps, this articlepresents a new hydraulic feedback and self-sealing plunger pump (HSP). Plunger core of this pump is made of metal tube with severalradial holes in the middle. There is an elastic expansion sleeve on the middle screen plunger core; several wear resistance seal rings are onthe expansion sleeve. In the upstroke, fluid pressure in the plunger acts on inner surface of expansion sleeve and makes it expand outward,keeping the seal ring press on the inner wall of pump barrel to form good sealing. In the down stroke, expansion sleeve recover and thereappears a clearance between plunger and pump barrel. Laboratory test shows that the pump has realized the designation of friction freedown stroke, self-sealing with no leakage upstroke, and long life with wear resistance seal ring. Field tests indicate that in the condition ofadequate fluid supply, pump efficiency reached 60%~80%, moreover the pump has been working efficiently for two years.