中子及伽马射线复合屏蔽材料的研究进展

原子能工业的日益发展带来了核泄漏、核污染等安全隐患,人们必须采取严密的防护措施来保障涉核人员的身体健康和环境安全.众多核辐射类型中,中子和γ射线穿透性最强,屏蔽难度最大.然而,传统的中子屏蔽材料如硼、水、聚乙烯和伽马屏蔽材料如铅、铁、钨等屏蔽功能单一,屏蔽性能有限,有的热力学性能不佳,难以满足现代辐射防护的要求.在这方...

Research progress of neutron and gamma-ray composite shielding materials

The increasing development of the atomic energy industry has brought about potential safety hazards such as nuclear leakage and nuclear pollution.People must take strict protective measures to protect the health of nuclear facilities staffs and environmental safety.Among the various types of nuclear radiation,neutrons and gamma rays have the strongest penetrability,which are the most difficult to be shielded.However,traditional neutron shielding materials such as boron,water,polyethylene,and gamma-ray shielding materials such as lead,iron,and tungsten have single shielding functions,limited shielding performance,or poor thermodynamic properties,making it difficult to meet modern radiological protection requirements.In this regard,composite materials can combine the advantages of various raw materials which can realize the complementary performance and expand application area of the radiation shielding materials.At present,a large number of composite shielding materials have been developed and applied.According to different substrates,it can be divided into five categories as follow:(1)polymer-based composite shielding materials;(2)metal-based composite shielding materials;(3)shielding concrete;(4)glass-based composite shielding materials;(5)ceramic-based composite shielding materials.In this paper,the mechanism of the interaction between neutrons and gamma rays and atoms is briefly summarized.The research progress of composite shielding materials,and the research content and characteristics of each type of composite shielding materials are detailed reviewed.In addition,the problems to be solved in the current research about composite shielding materials are pointed out and future research trends are predicted.