直流电机速度控制比较

用比例积分微分(PID)控制器和模糊逻辑控制器(FLC)对他励直流电机的速度控制进行了对比研究,并对他励直流电机的串级启动进行了数字化实验.结果表明,PID控制器的原理和结构简单,其控制系统的设计是建立在控制对象精确的数学模型基础上,是线性控制,对于那些电机控制要求超调量小的,电压调节范围不宽的,应当优先考虑PID控制;FLC控制器是基于软件的规则和硬件的组合,是建立在专家知识库和人工操作经验的基础上,不需要对控制对象建立精确的数学模型,在鲁棒性要求高、响应时间快、稳定时间要求短的场合,FLC具有明显的优势,具有更好的设计参数,组成的控制系统更容易满足非线性控制系统要求.

Comparative study on speed control of direct current motor

The speed control of a direct current （DC） separately excited motor was respectively controlled by the proportional integration differential（PID）controller and the fuzzy logic controller （FLC） . The cascade starting of the motor was studied by a digital experiment circuit. The results of the simulation experiment show that the PID controller is a linear system which is designed based on a precise mathematical model of control object, it has an outstanding advantage to the system with small overshoot and narrow range of voltage adjustment; with software rules and hardware combination, the FLC controller is built based on expert knowledge base and manual operation experience, it doesn＇t need a precise mathematical model of control object. FLC has obvious advantages with better design parameters, and easily meets the requirements of a nonlinear system with high robustness, fast response and short settling time.