飞机稳态转弯滑行时起落架侧向荷载研究

为分析飞机的轮轴构型对飞机转弯滑行时侧向荷载分布的影响，利用速度瞬心法，将单个多轮起落架简化为整体性轮胎，计算B737-800、B767-400ER、B777-300ER三种机型稳态转弯滑行时对沥青道面的总侧向荷载，在相同的转弯半径与前轮操作角下，将总侧向荷载有效分配到各个轮胎。研究结果表明：滑行速度和前轮操作角均对低速转弯时轮胎的侧向荷载有影响，且随着速度和前轮操作角的增加其影响越来越显著|三种机型主起落架轮胎最大侧向荷载均出现于靠近转弯中心的内侧轮胎，起落架构型的改变并没有改变轮胎最大侧向荷载的位置|飞机滑行重量增大对转弯侧向荷载的影响可以通过改变飞机起落架的构型来减轻，三轴双轮起落架构型更能有效分担飞机转弯滑行时的侧向荷载。

Study of lateral loads on pavement from landing gears during the steady taxiing turn of aircraft

To study the effect of wheel axle type of landing gear on the lateral load distributed on pavement during the steady taxiing turn of aircraft, the single multi-wheel landing gear was simplified as an integrated wheel by making use of the method of instantaneous center of velocity. In this work, three types of aircrafts, namely B737-800, B767-400ER and B777-300ER, were employed to calculate the total lateral load applied on asphalt pavement. With the same turning radius and steering angle of nose wheel, the total lateral load was effectively distributed to each wheel. The results show that both taxiing velocity and steering angle of nose wheel may affect the lateral load on wheel during the low-speed taxiing turn of aircraft, and the influence may become more remarkable with the increase of taxiing velocity and steering angle of nose wheel| For three types of aircrafts, the maximum lateral loads on tires of main landing gear all appear on the inner-side tire close to the turning center, and the location of the maximum lateral load on tire may not be changed due to the change of the configuration of main landing gear| The influence of the increased aircraft weight on the lateral load can be alleviated by changing the configuration of the landing gear, the three-axle dual-wheel configuration of landing gear can effectively share the lateral load during the steady taxiing turn of aircraft.