燃料电池空压机电机转子结构研究

针对燃料电池空压机高速电机转子易因高速失稳而损坏、因转子过重而导致空气轴承加速磨损的问题,使用有限元法对不同转子结构的转子应力和临界转速进行了研究,提出了一种轴向预紧固定磁钢的空心转子结构。以一台额定功率35 kW,峰值转速100 000 r/min的超高速永磁电机为例,综合对比分析了不同转子结构在转子强度、临界转速、质量、转动惯量、装配工艺性以及可靠性等方面的优缺点。对比结果表明,虽然新转子结构在转子强度上稍差于几种常见转子结构,但在其他方面均具有优异的特性。最后,根据新转子结构制作了空压机样机,试验结果表明,该样机可以在100 000 r/min转速下稳定运行,验证了新转子结构设计的合理性。

Study on Rotor Structure for Fuel Cell Air Compressor Motor

Aiming at the problems that the high-speed motor rotor of fuel cell air compressor is easy to be damaged due to high-speed instability and the accelerated wear of air bearing due to rotor overload, the rotor stress and critical speed of different rotor structures are studied by using the finite element method, and a hollow rotor structure with axially preloaded and fixed magnetic steel is presented. Then, taking an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor with the rated power of 35 kW and the peak speed of 100 000 r/min as an example, the advantages and disadvantages of different rotor structures in strength, critical speed, mass, moment of inertia, assembly manufacturability and reliability are compared and analyzed comprehensively. The comparison results show that although the new rotor structure is slightly inferior in rotor strength in comparison with several common rotor structures, it has great advantages in other aspects. Finally, an air compressor prototype is manufactured according to the new rotor structure, and experimental results show that the prototype can run stably at the speed of 100 000 r/min, which verifies the rationality of the new rotor structure.