Copper losses and thermodynamic considerations in copper smelting |
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Authors: | R Sridhar J M Toguri S Simeonov |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, University of Toronto, M5S 3E4 Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Abstract: | A relationship between copper in slag and copper in matte during copper sulfide smelting has been derived using industrial
data from 42 plants employing blast furnaces, reverberatory furnaces, flash furnaces, and Mitsubishi smelting furnaces together
with the available thermodynamic equilibrium data for Cu-Fe-S-O, FeO-SiO2, and Cu-Fe-S systems and laboratory slag-matte equilibrium information. A copper smelting diagram showing oxygen potential;
sulfur potential; and copper, magnetite, and sulfur contents in slag during the smelting of different grades of copper mattes
is developed for mattes containing less than 70 pct copper. The data presented can be used to determine the entrained copper
losses in slag. Further, by combining the calculated value of the entrained matte with the corresponding plant data for the
sulfur content of the slag, it is possible to derive the dissolved sulfur content of the slag. These calculated values were
in excellent agreement with the experimentally determined sulfide capacity of fayalite slags. It is shown that there is no
need to assume the presence of dissolved copper sulfide species in industrial slags. The existing equilibrium data that relate
the copper content of slags to oxygen potential adequately describe the copper losses in industrial slags. |
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