ESTIMATING URBAN LOADS OF NITROGEN TO GROUNDWATER |
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| Authors: | D N Lerner MA MSc PhD FREng FICE FGS CEng CGeol |
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| Affiliation: | Professor of Environmental Engineering, Groundwater Protection and Restoration Group, Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. |
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| Abstract: | Urban areas can impose significant loads of nitrogen, as ammonium or nitrate, onto the underlying groundwater. There are many sources of nitrogen pollution, including diffuse sources (parks and gardens), intense point sources (industrial chemical spills), and multi-point sources (leaking sewers). Data on the loadings associated with the various sources are scarce, although an estimate of the overall load is available for Nottingham. For other cities, a total load could be estimated by factoring the Nottingham result, or by considering each component of the load separately. Both approaches are described, and the integrated method is recommended for its simplicity. |
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| Keywords: | Contaminated land groundwater nitrate Nottingham sewers urban |
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