一碳化合物生物利用和转化研究进展

一碳化合物(包括CO₂、CO、甲烷、甲醇、甲酸等)来源广泛，价格低廉，并且有望通过光催化、电催化等实现绿色、可持续生产，被认为是下一代生物制造的理想原料。自然界中广泛存在多种能够天然利用一碳化合物的微生物，对这些微生物开展研究，并进行改造和利用，使其以一碳资源为原料合成能源和化学品，对于降低对传统化石资源的依赖，实现绿色、可持续发展具有重要意义。本文主要概述各种一碳化合物的原料来源，包括传统化石资源和可再生原料、一碳化合物微生物利用途径以及各种一碳利用微生物及其改造合成燃料和化学品的相关研究进展，并对近年来构建合成型一碳转化体系的相关研究进行总结，最后分析了一碳化合物生物转化面临的挑战并对未来研究方向进行展望。

Progress in microbial utilization of one-carbon feedstocks for biomanufacturing

One-carbon compounds (C₁, including CO₂, CO, methane, formate and methanol) have been considered as ideal alternative feedstocks for biomanufacturing, due to their abundance and low production cost. Microbes that could use C₁ substrates has been widely studied and engineered for production of biofuels and chemicals from C₁ feedstocks. This review briefly summarized the sources of C₁ feedstocks including traditional coal, oil and natural gas, and renewable resources. Microbes that utilize C₁ compounds as energy and carbon sources, and various C₁ compounds utilization pathways in these microbes were detailed. Achievements in production of value-added products from C₁ feedstocks in various hosts, as well as challenges in this area and further efforts needed were also discussed.