压裂支撑剂的覆膜改性技术

针对油气田开发对压裂支撑剂的性能要求愈来愈高的产业重大需求，油田化学领域运用现代化学理论与技术，开展了一系列卓有成效的压裂支撑剂化学覆膜改性研究和产品研发，为油气工业的快速发展做出了突出贡献。本文从化学和工程两个视角，系统阐述了压裂支撑剂化学覆膜改性的研究方向。化学角度，主要研究方向包括：在支撑剂表面涂层构成化学覆膜、通过化学手段科学改变支撑剂表面特性、化学涂层与改性并举。工程角度，大致分为三个重要研究方向：一是通过在石英砂、陶粒等支撑剂表面涂敷覆膜来提升支撑剂强度；二是通过在石英砂、陶粒等支撑剂表面涂敷覆膜来降低整个支撑剂的相对密度（如自悬浮涂层技术等）；三是石英砂、陶粒等支撑剂表面涂敷覆膜实现堵水疏油的功能。本文还简要阐述了树脂覆膜支撑剂、疏水支撑剂、憎水憎油支撑剂、自悬浮支撑剂、自聚型支撑剂、无机聚合物涂覆支撑剂以及功能性支撑剂等主要产品的特性。展望支撑剂未来的发展趋势，提出支撑剂应向多功能、高性能、小尺寸和智能化方向发展以及开发出更加适合无水压裂的支撑剂和原位生成型自支撑压裂体系。

Coating modification technology of fracturing proppant

With the increasing demand for high performance fracturing proppant, the advanced chemical theory and technology of oilfield chemistry have been applied to carry out a series of effective fracturing proppant chemical coating modification and products, contributing to the rapid development of the oil and gas industry. From the perspective of chemistry and engineering, this paper systematically reviews the recent advances on chemical coating modification of fracturing proppant. In a view of chemistry, the research directions mainly include: chemical coating on the proppant surface, chemical methods to change the surface properties of proppants, and combination chemical coating and modification. From an engineering point of view, it can be roughly divided into three important research directions: ① to improve the strength of proppant by coating the surface of proppant, such as quartz sand and ceramsite; ② to reduce the relative density of the proppant by coating the surface of the proppant, such as self-suspending coating technology, etc; and ③ to achieve the function of blocking water and oil by coating the surface of the proppant with a film. The main characteristics of resin-coated proppants, hydrophobic proppants, hydrophobic and oil-repellent proppants, self-suspending proppants, self-aggregulating proppant, inorganic polymer-coated proppants and functional proppants are also briefly described. The current trends of proppants are also outlined. It is expected that proppants should be developed in the direction of multi-function, high performance, small size and intelligence, and more suitable for anhydrous fracturing and in-situ generation self-supporting fracturing systems.