煤田地震勘探的震源参数试验研究

煤田地震勘探探测环境复杂及受周围干扰因素的影响，导致震源使用受到限制，从而制约煤田勘探数据采集的准确性。选取典型的炸药震源、车载可控震源及电火花震源为例，分析震源激发条件、适用条件等，进行激发井深(6m，8m，10m，12m，14m，16m)、震动叠加次数(1次，2次，3次，4次，5次，6次)等试验，优化震源参数，并通过应用实例对比分析试验效果。结果表明：炸药震源对于浅部地层信息反应较少，对深部地层敏感度更高|车载可控震源对于浅部地层和深部地层都有很好的勘探效果，综合效果好，但有时会受制于浅层低速层散射影响|电火花震源对于浅部地层信息反应较少，对较深地层敏感度更高，但是受其激发能量限制，对于深部地层勘探效果相对较差。

Experimental Study on Source Parameters of Coal Seismic Exploration

Abstract：The complex exploration environment of coal seismic exploration and the influence of surrounding interference factors lead to the limitation of the use of seismic sources, which restricts the accuracy of data acquisition in coal exploration . Taking typical explosive source, vibroseis source and electric spark source as examples, this paper analyzes the source excitation and applicable conditions, carries out the test of excitation well depth and vibration superposition times, optimizes the source parameters, and compares and analyzes the test results through application examples. The results show that explosive source have less response to shallow formation information and higher sensitivity to deep formation;Vibroseis source has better exploration effect for both shallow and deep strata, with good comprehensive effect, but sometimes it is affected by the scattering of shallow low velocity layer; Electric spark source has less response to shallow formation information and higher sensitivity to deeper formation. However, limited by its excitation energy, the effect of deep formation exploration is relatively poor.